Biology : asked on brooke012002
 28.11.2020

A small business is defined as one with how many employees?

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StudenGPT
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Based on the information provided in the reading, the decline in clove production in Zanzibar during the 1860s can be attributed to British anti-slavery efforts and the ban on the slave trade to Arabia.

According to F. Cooper in "Traders and Planters: the development of the clove cultivation in Zanzibar," the British antislavery efforts and ban on the slave trade to Arabia had a significant impact on the clove industry. Indian merchants, who were the principal financiers of Zanzibarian clove production, were prevented from owning slaves due to their status as British subjects. As a result, about 8,000 slaves were confiscated. This restriction on slave ownership and the decreased availability of labor affected the plantation system and clove production.

Furthermore, the British restrictions also limited the market for clove exports. Zanzibar mainly sold spices to India, and it was difficult to make inroads into the wider Indian market. This placed a real limit on the growth of the clove industry. As a result, the stagnation and decline of clove planting and production occurred from the 1860s onwards.

In summary, the decline in clove production in Zanzibar during the 1860s can be attributed to the British anti-slavery efforts and the ban on the slave trade to Arabia, which restricted the availability of slave labor and limited the market for clove exports.

Regarding the article by Rockel on porter slaves, the evidence used includes travelers' accounts and biographies. The article focuses on the experiences and actions of slave porters, known as Waungwana, who were able to navigate their slavery and negotiate their freedom. Rockel analyzes their ability to transcend the boundaries of slavery, use mobility to negotiate terms, and build extensive networks. This analysis is supported by the evidence obtained from travelers' accounts and biographies of these porter slaves.
StudenGPT
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P Answered by Studen AI
Based on the reading provided, F. Cooper states that one important reason for the decline in clove production in Zanzibar in the 1860s was the British anti-slavery efforts and the ban on the slave trade to Arabia. This ban affected the availability of labor for clove plantations, as Indian merchants, who were the principal financiers of Zanzibarian clove production, became reluctant to provide capital for land or slaves. Additionally, Indians who were British subjects were prevented from owning slaves, leading to the confiscation of around 8,000 slaves.

According to Rockel, the number of porters, known as Waungwana, started to increase in the mid-1800s (from around the 1800s to the 1880s) due to the demand for their services and their ability to negotiate their freedom within the constraints of slavery. These porters were skilled and mobile workers who were part of the urban and Muslim culture in East Africa. They played a crucial role in trade and transnational connections, and their entrepreneurial spirit allowed them to accumulate wealth, own slaves, and engage in trade on their own account.
StudenGPT
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P Answered by Studen AI
According to the reading "Traders and Planters: the development of the clove cultivation in Zanzibar" by F. Cooper, one important reason for the decline in clove production in the 1860s was the British antislavery efforts and ban on the slave trade to Arabia. The impact of this ban was felt when Indians, who were British subjects, were prevented from owning slaves. As a result, about 8,000 slaves were confiscated, and Indian merchants, who were the principal financiers of Zanzibarian clove production, became reluctant to provide capital for land or slaves.

The porter slaves mentioned in the reading were referred to as "Waungwana." These were slaves who worked as professional porters on the coast of East Africa. They were part of an elite group of workers, regarded as skilled and assimilated into Swahili culture. Unlike other porters, such as the Nyamwezi, who were free waged workers and had their own distinct culture, the Waungwana were slaves hired by their owners and received wages. They were mobile and needed to travel long distances, often armed and sometimes allowed to trade on their own account and accumulate wealth, including owning slaves and wives. They had a unique relationship with their owners, who may not have cared much about their well-being as long as they received payment for their labor.
StudenGPT
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P Answered by Studen AI
Based on the information provided in the reading, F. Cooper identifies one important reason for the decline in clove production in the 1860s. According to Cooper, the decline in clove production was primarily due to the British antislavery efforts and the ban on the slave trade to Arabia. This ban, which came into effect from the 1860s, had a significant impact on the clove industry since Indian merchants, who were the principal financiers of Zanzibarian clove production, were prevented from owning slaves. As a result, these Indian merchants became reluctant to provide capital for land or slaves, leading to a slowdown in clove planting and production.

Regarding the culture adopted by porter slaves, the reading does not explicitly mention the specific culture they assimilated into. However, it states that the porters, known as Waungwana, were mostly from different places in Africa but assimilated into Swahili culture. They were urban, Muslim, and regarded as skilled workers. The reading also highlights their distinctiveness in terms of their mobility, ability to negotiate terms of their slavery, and participation in long-distance trading.
StudenGPT
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P Answered by Studen AI
Based on the reading materials provided, F. Cooper outlines one important reason for the decline in clove production in the 1860s – the British antislavery efforts and ban on the slave trade to Arabia. This ban affected the availability of labor, as Indian merchants, who were the principal financiers of Zanzibarian clove production, were prevented from owning slaves. As a result, they became reluctant to provide capital for land or slaves, leading to a decline in clove planting and production.

Regarding the second question about the slaves that Rockel compares porter slaves to, it is mentioned that porter slaves, known as Waungwana, were able to transcend the boundaries of being slaves. They were skilled professional porters used on the East African coast and were part of an elite group of workers. Rockel compares them to sailors and slave soldiers, as they were mobile and needed to travel long distances and had powerful masters. They were also entrepreneurial, accumulating their own wealth through slave labor, ivory, and trade on their own account.
StudenGPT
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P Answered by Studen AI
According to F. Cooper's reading, one important reason for the decline in clove production in Zanzibar in the 1860s was the British anti-slavery efforts and the ban on the slave trade to Arabia. This had an impact on the availability of labor for the plantations. Indian merchants, who were the principal financiers of Zanzibarian clove production, were prevented from owning slaves, and about 8000 slaves were confiscated. As a result, Indian merchants became reluctant to provide capital for land or slaves. This restriction on slave ownership and the reduction in financial support had a negative effect on clove planting and production, contributing to the decline of the industry.
Mathematics
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P Answered by PhD

The Number of small and large boxes shipped are 10 and 5 respectively.

Large boxes :

Volume = 18 cubic feets Let number of large boxes = b

Small boxes :

Volume = 10 cubic feets Number of small boxes = 2b

Total volume shipped = 190 cubic feet

To obtain total volume shipped :

(Number of small boxes × volume of small boxes) + (Number of large boxes × volume of large boxes

Writing as a system of equation :

(10 × 2b) + (18 × b) 20b + 18b = 190 cubic feets 38b = 190b = 190 ÷ 38b = 5

Hence,

Number of large boxes = 5Number of small boxes = 2(5) = 10

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Mathematics
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P Answered by Specialist

A paper company needs to ship paper to a large printing business. The paper will be shipped in small boxes and large boxes. The volume of each small box is 6 cubic feet and the volume of each large box is 12 cubic feet. There were twice as many small boxes shipped as large boxes shipped and the total volume of all boxes was 168 cubic feet. Write a system of equations that could be used to determine the number of small boxes shipped and the number of large boxes shipped. Define the variables that you use to write the system.

\underline{\text{Define Variables:}}

Define Variables:

 

 

May choose any letters.

\text{Let }s=

Let s=

\,\,\text{the number of small boxes shipped}

the number of small boxes shipped

\text{Let }l=

Let l=

\,\,\text{the number of large boxes shipped}

the number of large boxes shipped

Each small box has a volume of 6 cubic feet, so the volume of ss small boxes would be 6s6s cubic feet. Each large box has a volume of 12 cubic feet, so the volume of ll large boxes would be 12l12l cubic feet. Therefore, the total volume 6s+12l6s+12l equals 168:168:

6s+12l=168

6s+12l=168

Since there were twice as many small boxes shipped as large boxes, there were more small boxes, so if we multiply 2 by the number of large boxes, we will get the number of small boxes, meaning ss equals 2l.2l.

let s = number of small boxes shipped

let l= number of large boxes shipped

6s+121 = 168

s=21

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