Biology : asked on DEVlN6070
 18.10.2020

True or false are genetic mutations are always harmful

. 5

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Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

Only option D is TRUE. The rest are FALSE.

Explanation:

In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, there is virtually no change in the frequency of alleles and genotype, in a population, meaning there is a genetic equilibrium in that population which shows no real evolutionary change has occurred. According to the , several conditions must be met before such equilibrium can be said to occur in a population, these requirements or conditions are:

1. There must be an unrestricted random mating

2. Mutation that results in the change of gene is absent

3. The population size must be large enough

4. Absence of migration,i.e. no movement of members out of a population or into a population

5. No natural selection

Now let’s take a  at the example of populations given, stating whether they meet the above listed conditions or not

For option A, which is “A small, isolated population of seals living in a stable environment with no genetic mutations” this is False, a small population size of seals is more likely to have its allele frequencies changed by random fluctuations compared to a large population size of seals. This does not satisfy condition number 3 listed above.

Option B, “A large population of fish where females mate with males based on size” is False. It does not satisfy condition number 1 listed above. In this population example, there is restricted random mating.

Option C “A population of birds with no genetic mutations that often mate with members of neighboring bird populations” is False. It does not meet condition 4, because there is exchange of genes with other populations that might have different allele frequencies.

Option D “A large, isolated population of squirrels that lives in a stable environment, has no genetic mutations, and mates randomly” is True. This meets all conditions listed above.

Option E “A large population of spiders that experiences immigration from a second nearby population” is False. This does not meet condition 4.

Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

Only option D is TRUE. The rest are FALSE.

Explanation:

In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, there is virtually no change in the frequency of alleles and genotype, in a population, meaning there is a genetic equilibrium in that population which shows no real evolutionary change has occurred. According to the , several conditions must be met before such equilibrium can be said to occur in a population, these requirements or conditions are:

1. There must be an unrestricted random mating

2. Mutation that results in the change of gene is absent

3. The population size must be large enough

4. Absence of migration,i.e. no movement of members out of a population or into a population

5. No natural selection

Now let’s take a  at the example of populations given, stating whether they meet the above listed conditions or not

For option A, which is “A small, isolated population of seals living in a stable environment with no genetic mutations” this is False, a small population size of seals is more likely to have its allele frequencies changed by random fluctuations compared to a large population size of seals. This does not satisfy condition number 3 listed above.

Option B, “A large population of fish where females mate with males based on size” is False. It does not satisfy condition number 1 listed above. In this population example, there is restricted random mating.

Option C “A population of birds with no genetic mutations that often mate with members of neighboring bird populations” is False. It does not meet condition 4, because there is exchange of genes with other populations that might have different allele frequencies.

Option D “A large, isolated population of squirrels that lives in a stable environment, has no genetic mutations, and mates randomly” is True. This meets all conditions listed above.

Option E “A large population of spiders that experiences immigration from a second nearby population” is False. This does not meet condition 4.

Social Studies
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

The correct answer is Analysis of DNA suggests the Americas were settled by more than one haplogroup—a lineage marked by one or more specific genetic mutations.

United States is one of the main countries of attraction for immigrants in the world. Recently the country has been receiving a high number of immigrants, one of the largest in history. The migratory flow has led the nation to a major structural, population and social transformation.

To get a sense of what is happening in the United States, has emerged in the country. According to estimates, the number of immigrants (legal and illegal) living in the United States is approximately 28 million people, in 1930 that portion of the population was three times smaller.

The Center for Immigration Studies released data on the number of immigrants in the United States, who said that about 1.2 million people arrive in the United States each year. Today, about 10% of the country's population is immigrant, a high number, considering that the last time this occurred was in the early 20th century, a few decades before the Second World War.

Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

True.

Explanation:

These genetic variations and mutations are hereditary.

They need to be hereditary to be inherited to the offspring since these changes are genetic.

These changes are in the hereditary material.

Hope this is correct, have a great day.

Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

True.

Explanation:

These genetic variations and mutations are hereditary.

They need to be hereditary to be inherited to the offspring since these changes are genetic.

These changes are in the hereditary material.

Hope this is correct, have a great day.

Social Studies
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

The correct answer is Analysis of DNA suggests the Americas were settled by more than one haplogroup—a lineage marked by one or more specific genetic mutations.

United States is one of the main countries of attraction for immigrants in the world. Recently the country has been receiving a high number of immigrants, one of the largest in history. The migratory flow has led the nation to a major structural, population and social transformation.

To get a sense of what is happening in the United States, has emerged in the country. According to estimates, the number of immigrants (legal and illegal) living in the United States is approximately 28 million people, in 1930 that portion of the population was three times smaller.

The Center for Immigration Studies released data on the number of immigrants in the United States, who said that about 1.2 million people arrive in the United States each year. Today, about 10% of the country's population is immigrant, a high number, considering that the last time this occurred was in the early 20th century, a few decades before the Second World War.

Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

A: Mutations always decrease an organism's fitness.

Explanation:

Looking at the given options, the one that is false is option A because generally speaking, for a population whereby a trait is being exposed to stabilization of selection over time, the mean will certainly remain approximately the same.

Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

A: Mutations always decrease an organism's fitness.

Explanation:

Looking at the given options, the one that is false is option A because generally speaking, for a population whereby a trait is being exposed to stabilization of selection over time, the mean will certainly remain approximately the same.

Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD
Q1. The answer is: a dominant allele.

An allele that appears or expresses itself over a recessive trait is called a dominant allele. Alleles can be dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles are responsible for dominant traits and if two dominant alleles are found together, a dominant trait will be expressed. Similarly, if two recessive alleles are found together, a recessive trait will be expressed. However, if both recessive allele and dominant allele are found together, the recessive allele will be masked by the dominant allele and a dominant trait will be expressed.

Q2. The answer is: homozygous.

If an organism that has two of the same alleles for a trait it is said to be homozygous. If it has two dominant alleles, it is dominant homozygous. If it has two recessive alleles, it is recessive homozygous. If an organisms have two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive), it is said to be heterozygous.

Q3. The answer is: An allele is a single form of a gene inherited from one parent.

Genes are sequences of nucleotides, or parts of genetic information, that are responsible for different traits. Different forms of genes are called alleles. Each gene has two alleles - one inherited from a mother and another inherited from a father.

Q4. The answer is: heterozygous. 

If a person has two different alleles for a certain trait like eye color we call that heterozygous. If a person has two same alleles for a certain trait, it is called homozygous. If both alleles are dominant, it is called dominant homozygous. If both alleles are recessive, it is called recessive homozygous. However, if two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive) are found together, it is called heterozygous.

Q5. The answer is: DNA

A gene is a small segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait. One of the organelles inside the cells is the nucleus. The genetic material of the cell is found inside the nucleus. It is in the form of chromosomes, a complex of DNA and proteins. Further, a small segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait is called a gene.

Q6. The answer is: 46.

Almost all human cells have 46 chromosomes. These cells are diploid which means that it has two sets of chromosomes. There are two pairs of 23 chromosomes, each one from each parent. Only gametes have 23 chromosomes. They are haploid and have only one set of chromosomes.

Q7. The answer is: 2 alleles.

Alleles are different forms of genes. Each gene has two alleles. One allele is inherited from a mother and one allele is inherited from a father. So, for each gene, offspring will receive two alleles, each one from each parent.

Q8. The answer is True.

Organisms get one allele for each trait from each parent. Alleles are different forms of genes. Each gene responsible for a certain trait has two alleles. One allele is inherited from a mother and another allele is inherited from a father.

Q9. The answer is: False!

Genotype is the actual gene makeup. On the other hand, phenotype is physical appearance of a genotype. So, genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. Phenotype is observable characteristic of an organism and it is determined by genotype, but also by environmental factors.

Q10. The answer is: False!

A child having blonde hair is an example of phenotype. Genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. If we talk about all genes responsible for the blonde hair, we would talk about genotype. But, here is an example of observable physical characteristic, such is the blond hair, so it is an example of phenotype.

Q12. The answer is: genotype.

Genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. Phenotype is observable characteristic of an organism determined by its genotype. In this question, Rr represents genotype of the organism. On the other hand, the capability of rolling their tongue would be phenotype.

Q13. The answer is: heterozygous.

If an organism has two dominant alleles found together, it is dominant homozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with two capital letters: CC.
If an organism has two recessive alleles found together, it is dominant homozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with two small letters: cc.
If an organism has one dominant and one recessive allele, it is heterozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with one capital and one small letter: Cc.

Q14. The answer is: homozygous dominant 

Dominant alleles are labelled with capital letters (for example, C). Recessive alleles are labelled with small letters (for example, c). Homozygous dominant organism has combination CC. Homozygous recessive organism has combination cc. Heterozygous organism has combination Cc.

Q15. The answer is: Homozygous recessive.

The genetic combination cc is an example of homozygous recessive. If the genetic combination was CC, it would be homozygous dominant. If the genetic combination was Cc, it would be heterozygous. This is because only dominant alleles are labelled with capital letters.
Biology
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD
Q1. The answer is: a dominant allele.

An allele that appears or expresses itself over a recessive trait is called a dominant allele. Alleles can be dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles are responsible for dominant traits and if two dominant alleles are found together, a dominant trait will be expressed. Similarly, if two recessive alleles are found together, a recessive trait will be expressed. However, if both recessive allele and dominant allele are found together, the recessive allele will be masked by the dominant allele and a dominant trait will be expressed.

Q2. The answer is: homozygous.

If an organism that has two of the same alleles for a trait it is said to be homozygous. If it has two dominant alleles, it is dominant homozygous. If it has two recessive alleles, it is recessive homozygous. If an organisms have two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive), it is said to be heterozygous.

Q3. The answer is: An allele is a single form of a gene inherited from one parent.

Genes are sequences of nucleotides, or parts of genetic information, that are responsible for different traits. Different forms of genes are called alleles. Each gene has two alleles - one inherited from a mother and another inherited from a father.

Q4. The answer is: heterozygous. 

If a person has two different alleles for a certain trait like eye color we call that heterozygous. If a person has two same alleles for a certain trait, it is called homozygous. If both alleles are dominant, it is called dominant homozygous. If both alleles are recessive, it is called recessive homozygous. However, if two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive) are found together, it is called heterozygous.

Q5. The answer is: DNA

A gene is a small segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait. One of the organelles inside the cells is the nucleus. The genetic material of the cell is found inside the nucleus. It is in the form of chromosomes, a complex of DNA and proteins. Further, a small segment of DNA that codes for a certain trait is called a gene.

Q6. The answer is: 46.

Almost all human cells have 46 chromosomes. These cells are diploid which means that it has two sets of chromosomes. There are two pairs of 23 chromosomes, each one from each parent. Only gametes have 23 chromosomes. They are haploid and have only one set of chromosomes.

Q7. The answer is: 2 alleles.

Alleles are different forms of genes. Each gene has two alleles. One allele is inherited from a mother and one allele is inherited from a father. So, for each gene, offspring will receive two alleles, each one from each parent.

Q8. The answer is True.

Organisms get one allele for each trait from each parent. Alleles are different forms of genes. Each gene responsible for a certain trait has two alleles. One allele is inherited from a mother and another allele is inherited from a father.

Q9. The answer is: False!

Genotype is the actual gene makeup. On the other hand, phenotype is physical appearance of a genotype. So, genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. Phenotype is observable characteristic of an organism and it is determined by genotype, but also by environmental factors.

Q10. The answer is: False!

A child having blonde hair is an example of phenotype. Genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. If we talk about all genes responsible for the blonde hair, we would talk about genotype. But, here is an example of observable physical characteristic, such is the blond hair, so it is an example of phenotype.

Q12. The answer is: genotype.

Genotype is the sum of all genes of an organism. Phenotype is observable characteristic of an organism determined by its genotype. In this question, Rr represents genotype of the organism. On the other hand, the capability of rolling their tongue would be phenotype.

Q13. The answer is: heterozygous.

If an organism has two dominant alleles found together, it is dominant homozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with two capital letters: CC.
If an organism has two recessive alleles found together, it is dominant homozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with two small letters: cc.
If an organism has one dominant and one recessive allele, it is heterozygous. The genetic combination is labelled with one capital and one small letter: Cc.

Q14. The answer is: homozygous dominant 

Dominant alleles are labelled with capital letters (for example, C). Recessive alleles are labelled with small letters (for example, c). Homozygous dominant organism has combination CC. Homozygous recessive organism has combination cc. Heterozygous organism has combination Cc.

Q15. The answer is: Homozygous recessive.

The genetic combination cc is an example of homozygous recessive. If the genetic combination was CC, it would be homozygous dominant. If the genetic combination was Cc, it would be heterozygous. This is because only dominant alleles are labelled with capital letters.

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