Q4.18. Approximately what patch occupancy, P, would you expect for a metapopulation at equilibrium with a colonization rate of 2.4 and an extinction rate of 0.2

Option A : the fern transitined from gametophyte generation to sporophyte generation.

for six years an artificial fertilizer is used on a apple orchard the orchard is next to a stream which empties in to a slat water bay during the last 5 years researchers have observed an increase in algae in the bay they have also sampled fish populations in the bay each year apex...

One parrot species that feeds on large seeds nests is in the same tree as a parakeet that feeds on small seeds, they occupy different niches.

A spring is a natural discharge point of subterranean water at the surface of the ground or directly into the bed of a stream, lake, or sea. Water that emerges at the surface without a perceptible current is called a seep. Wells are holes excavated to bring water and other underground fluids to the surface.

The image shows a cross-section of land scape.

Need this store of protein: 

The seed consists of three components: embryo, endosperm (sometimes perisperm), and seed-coat. Both endosperm and embryo are the products of double fertilization, whereas the seed-coat develops from the maternal, ovular tissues. The seed habit is a significant advancement in the evolution of higher plants.

Anatomy of seed :-

Seed storage proteins provide a source of amino acids and reduced N necessary for germination and early growth of the seedling.

Consumers are dissatisfied with the way that large corporate  farms are treating nature's natural resources.

Fungi are a food source for animals and humans. Fungi produce oxygen to breathe. Fungi destroy rocks and minerals. Fungi are natural recyclers.

when soaked in dilute sodium chloride solution onion gain mass because of the process of osmosis. Explanation: Osmosis is a process when there is movement of water from the region of comparatively higher concentration to the region of lower concentration across in a permeable membrane.

The processes of conduction, convection and radiation help distribute energy on earth...

Answer with explaination:

 An attempt to document and identify all biological species living in some defined area, usually a park, reserve, or research area. The numbers of species on earth is rapidly diminishing, knowing what species are around will give us an idea of what we're losing, how our actions are affecting the environment.