How did Lincoln‘s campaign publicize him during the campaign?

The excerpt from paragraph 5 that best develops the idea held by some that building a dam in Hetch Hetchy is a bad idea is option A: "He appealed to the nation, asking what else might be at stake if we allowed the creation of a 'water tank' in this national park."

This excerpt highlights John Muir's argument against building a dam in Hetch Hetchy Valley by appealing to the nation's conscience. Muir questions the potential consequences and risks of allowing the construction of a reservoir within a national park. By referring to it as a "water tank," Muir suggests that transforming the valley into a reservoir would diminish its natural beauty and significance as a protected area. This statement reflects the perspective that building a dam would compromise the integrity and purpose of a national park, which is to preserve and conserve natural landscapes for future generations.

The correct answer is A. The author connects the 1906 San Francisco earthquake to the enactment of the Raker Act by explaining that the natural disaster and its damage changed public sentiment toward the dam.

In paragraph 4, the author mentions that after the earthquake and the resulting fires, which leveled much of San Francisco, the case for providing the city with water became stronger. The emotional weight of the burning buildings was fresh in the public's mind, which influenced the public sentiment towards the need for a reliable water source for the city.

So, option A, which states that the author explains that the natural disaster and its damage changed public sentiment toward the dam, is the correct answer.

The correct answer is:

C. The complicated controversy over the potential development of a reservoir in the Hetch Hetchy Valley led to the creation of the National Park Service.

In the passage, it is mentioned that the debate over the Raker Act, which allowed the building of a dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley, was highly controversial. This controversy involved the needs of San Francisco, a growing city in need of water, and the proponents of Yosemite National Park. The passage also states that as people tried to answer what the designation of a national park actually meant, the public disapproval generated after the bill's passage led to the creation of the National Park Service. Therefore, the passage suggests a direct link between the controversy over Hetch Hetchy and the creation of the National Park Service.

The statement that best summarizes the passage is:

D. The complicated controversy over the potential development of a reservoir in the Hetch Hetchy Valley led to the creation of the National Park Service.

Explanation:

This passage discusses the history of the Raker Act and the controversy surrounding the building of a dam in the Hetch Hetchy Valley within the newly formed Yosemite National Park. This action was seen as a necessity by the rapidly growing city of San Francisco which was desperate for a large and reliable source of water. Despite opposition from nature conservationists, the legislation moved forward, causing national discussion about what the designation of a national park actually meant.

The controversy highlighted in the passage touches various events, including San Francisco's dire need for water especially after the 1906 earthquake, the concerted opposition by naturalists like John Muir, the passage of the Raker Act, and the subsequent reaction and regret by the public. This ultimately led to the establishment of the National Park Service in response to the controversy to try and ensure such episodes wouldn't repeat themselves. Therefore, option D encapsulates all these important points of the passage best. The other options, while presenting elements mentioned in the text, do not summarize the core theme or the broader implications presented by the passage as well as Option D does.

The author's purpose for writing this text appears to be B: to shed light on an important environmental moment in America's history.

Throughout the text, the author discusses the historical context and effects of the Raker Act and the controversy surrounding the damming of the Hetch Hetchy Valley. It goes into detail about the opposing perspectives on the issue, emphasizing the importance this event played in shaping the national park idea and influencing future environmental activism.

While the other options do touch on topics the author mentions, they're not the central focus of the text.

Option A suggests the text's purpose is illustrating arguments about water usage in major cities. However, while the text does describe the early 20th-century argument between San Francisco's needs for water and the concept of national parks, this isn't the overarching theme of the text.

Option C proposes that the text aims to detail the long-term impact of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. While the earthquake is mentioned as a factor that added to San Francisco's push for a reliable water source, it is not the primary focus of the text.

Finally, option D posits that the purpose is to explain how John Muir was opposed to developing land on a national park. Although John Muir's opposition is indeed featured prominently in the text, the entire text doesn't revolve around explaining his opposition only.

Instead, the author's focus seems to be on giving a broad overview of an important event in America's environmental history - the damming of Hetch Hetchy Valley, the related Raker Act, and the nationwide debate it sparked which eventually played a critical role in refining the idea of national parks.

The correct answer to the question "How does the author connect the 1906 San Francisco earthquake to the enactment of the Raker Act?" would be:

B. He explains that the natural disaster and its damage changed public sentiment toward the dam.

In paragraph 4 of the passage, the author gives sound evidence on how the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and its aftermath had a profound effect on public sentiment, ultimately influencing the decision-making process leading to the enactment of the Raker Act. The scale of the disaster was scrutinized under the public eye, highlighting the urgency for a secure and reliable water supply for San Francisco. This public shift in opinion made the case for building a dam - which would provide such water security - much stronger. The passage does not imply that Gifford Pinchot's testimony (Option A), a specific newspaper report (Option C), or John Muir's plea (Option D) were the direct result of the earthquake, but rather that the overall sentiment change due to the earthquake's aftermath was crucial in the enactment process of the Raker Act.

Convection currents in earths mantle are caused by the rise of hot material rising towards the crust, becoming cooler and sinking back down.