how inductive and deductive reasoning are used to answer questions about life. Briefly compare and contrast each type of reasoning as they apply to biological investigation. Which, if any, type of reasoning is best used to establish cause and effect relationships? Explain your rationale using one or more examples.

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Answer:

Bottom up and Top down approach.

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Research in science involves developing hypothesis and testing this hypothesis through studies, observations, and experiments and giving logical reasoning.

The two types of research approaches are Inductive Reasoning and Deductive Reasoning

Comparison between Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Inductive reasoning develops conclusions from the bottom-up approach which means that they derive conclusions from specific observations.

Deductive Reasoning develops conclusions by a top-down approach which means they derive conclusions by testing a hypothesis.

In inductive reasoning, there is no literature to review.

In deductive reasoning, the research starts with a theory.

Inductive reasoning cannot be considered true results.

Deductive reasoning can be considered true results.

Inductive reasoning develops a hypothesis

Deductive reasoning concludes the hypothesis.

Inductive reasoning can be used to determine a causal relationship between the hypothesis and the experiment and deductive reasoning can be used to determine cause-effect relationships between the hypothesis and the experiment.

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