Chemistry : asked on 1stpv
 13.05.2023

Describe the orbital diagram of an atom with 16 electrons. Explain how this orbital diagram demonstrates Hund's rule.

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11.11.2022, solved by verified expert
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The systematic arrangement of electrons in the orbitals is called electronic configuration. 

The electronic configuration of the element with atomic number 16 is 2,8,6. This indicates that the element belongs to group 16 and period 3 as the number of valence shell is 3 and valence electrons is 6. 

The valency is calculated as follows:

Firstly, write the electronic configuration of the element.


 

If the valence electrons are less than or equal to four then the valency is the number of valence electrons. 
 

If the valence electrons are more than 4 then valency is (8 − number of valence electrons).

Hund's rule states that orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and that each of the single electrons must have the same spin. The figure below shows how a set of three p orbitals is filled with one, two, three, and four electrons.

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Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by Master

The elements in the modern Periodic Table are arranged according to their

atomic number


#2 As the elements in Group 15 are considered from top to bottom, which sequence in properties occur? *

nonmetal --> metalloid --> metal

#3 Which set of elements have similar physical and chemical properties? *


helium neon, argon

#4 Which of the following best describes the element with atomic number 19? *

located in Period 1

#5 For any representative element, its group number equals *

the number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level (Ex: Group 1 elements all have one electron in the outermost energy level)


#6 Analyze the orbital filling diagrams below. Which diagram is filled incorrectly and which rule is being broken? *

1 point

Captionless Image

The first diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

The second diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates Hund's Rule.

The third diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates the Aufbau Principle.

The fourth diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

#7 How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of Fe-55? *

26 protons, 29 neutrons, 26 electrons

#8 Which best describes the principle energy level n=2? *

It contains two sublevels, s and p, and can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.


#9 Which of the following atoms require the least energy for the removal of the most loosely bound electron?

Be


#10 When an excited electron jumps from the fourth to the second energy level, what type of electromagnetic radiation is emitted? *

not enough information

#11 Which of the following has the highest electronegativity and ionization energy, smallest radius and is classified as a halogen? *

Fluorine

#12 Using the graph below, what is the ionization energy of the noble gas? *


1600 kJ/mol


#13 Using the graph above, which required major part of the graph is missing? *

1 point

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

Legend

Title

Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by Master

The elements in the modern Periodic Table are arranged according to their

atomic number


#2 As the elements in Group 15 are considered from top to bottom, which sequence in properties occur? *

nonmetal --> metalloid --> metal

#3 Which set of elements have similar physical and chemical properties? *


helium neon, argon

#4 Which of the following best describes the element with atomic number 19? *

located in Period 1

#5 For any representative element, its group number equals *

the number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level (Ex: Group 1 elements all have one electron in the outermost energy level)


#6 Analyze the orbital filling diagrams below. Which diagram is filled incorrectly and which rule is being broken? *

1 point

Captionless Image

The first diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

The second diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates Hund's Rule.

The third diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates the Aufbau Principle.

The fourth diagram is filled incorrectly because it violates the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

#7 How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of Fe-55? *

26 protons, 29 neutrons, 26 electrons

#8 Which best describes the principle energy level n=2? *

It contains two sublevels, s and p, and can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.


#9 Which of the following atoms require the least energy for the removal of the most loosely bound electron?

Be


#10 When an excited electron jumps from the fourth to the second energy level, what type of electromagnetic radiation is emitted? *

not enough information

#11 Which of the following has the highest electronegativity and ionization energy, smallest radius and is classified as a halogen? *

Fluorine

#12 Using the graph below, what is the ionization energy of the noble gas? *


1600 kJ/mol


#13 Using the graph above, which required major part of the graph is missing? *

1 point

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

Legend

Title

Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

3px

Explanation:

The electronic configuration of sulphur is given as;

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3px2 3py1 3pz1.

Recall that in accordance with Hund's rule, electrons occur singly first before pairing takes place during the filling of degenerate orbitals.

The last sub-level into which electrons are filled in sulphur is the 3p sub-level having three degenerate orbitals, 3px, 3py and 3pz.

According to Hund's rule, these levels are first singly filled before pairing begins. Hence the last electron in sulphur goes into the 3px orbital.

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