14.11.2022

The following aqueous solutions of are mixed: 100.0 mL of 1.00 M lithium bromide and 100.0 mL of 1.00 M lead (II) nitrate. In an organized and clear manner, show all of your work and answers for this problem on the uploaded work. (a) Write the molecular equation for this reaction. (b) Write the total ionic chemical equation for this reaction. (c) Write the net ionic chemical equation for this reaction. (d) Identify the spectator ions in this reaction. (e) Identify the limiting reactant. (f) Determine the mass of solid product that is formed?

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24.06.2023, solved by verified expert
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Answer and Explanation:

(a) When lithium bromide (LiBr) solution is mixed with a solution of lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂), lithium nitrate (LiNO₃) and lead (II) bromide (PbBr₂) are formed, according to the following molecular equation:

2LiBr(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) → 2LiNO₃(aq) + PbBr₂(s) ↓

As the product PbBr₂ is an insoluble solid, it precipitates (↓).

(b) The total ionic equation is written with all ions of the reaction - no matter if they participate in the precipitate formation or not:

2Li⁺(aq) + 2Br⁻(aq) + Pb²⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) → 2Li⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) + PbBr₂(s)

(c) The net ionic equation is written including only the ions which participate in the precipitate formation. In this case, the precipitate is PbBr₂, and it is formed by Pb²⁺ and Br⁻ ions:

Pb²⁺(aq) + 2Br⁻(aq) → PbBr₂(s)

(d) The spectator ions are those which do not participate in the formation of the precipitate. From the total ionic equation, we can see that Li⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions are repeated on both sides of the equation, so they are redundant. Thus, the spectator ions are Li⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions.

(e) To identify the limiting reactant, we first calculate the moles of each compound as the product of the solution concentration and volume:

For LiBr:

C = 1.00 M = 1 mol/L

V = 100.0 mL x 1 L/1000 mL = 0.1 L

moles of LiBr = 0.1 L x 1.00 mol/L = 0.1 mol

The same for Pb(NO₃)₂:

C = 1.00 M = 1 mol/L

V = 100.0 mL x 1 L/1000 mL = 0.1 L

moles of Pb(NO₃)₂  = 0.1 L x 1.00 mol/L = 0.1 mol

From the total ionic equation, we can see that 2 mol of LiBr reacts with 1 mol of Pb(NO₃)₂ to give 1 mol of PbBr₂ (solid product). The stoichiometric molar ratio is 2 mol LiBr/1 mol Pb(NO₃)₂ and we have 0.1 mol of each reactant (0.1 mol LiBr/0.1 mol Pb(NO₃)₂= 1). As 2 mol LiBr/mol Pb(NO₃)₂ > 1 mol LiBr/mol Pb(NO₃)₂, LiBr is the limiting reactant.

(f) From the total ionic equation, we know that 2 moles of LiBr produce 1 mol of PbBr₂. To determine the mass of solid product (PbBr₂) formed, we first multiply the stoichiometric ratio (1 mol PbBr₂/2 mol LiBr) by the actual number of moles of limiting reactant we have (0.1 mol):

moles of PbBr₂ = 0.1 mol LiBr x (1 mol PbBr₂/2 mol LiBr) = 0.05 mol PbBr₂

Finally, we convert the moles of PbBr₂ to gram by using the molar mass of the compound:

Molar mass PbBr₂ = 207.2 g/mol + (2 x 79.9 g/mol) = 367 g/mol

grams of PbBr₂ = 0.05 mol x 367 g/mol = 18.35 g

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Chemistry
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P Answered by PhD

Answer and Explanation:

(a) When lithium bromide (LiBr) solution is mixed with a solution of lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂), lithium nitrate (LiNO₃) and lead (II) bromide (PbBr₂) are formed, according to the following molecular equation:

2LiBr(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) → 2LiNO₃(aq) + PbBr₂(s) ↓

As the product PbBr₂ is an insoluble solid, it precipitates (↓).

(b) The total ionic equation is written with all ions of the reaction - no matter if they participate in the precipitate formation or not:

2Li⁺(aq) + 2Br⁻(aq) + Pb²⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) → 2Li⁺(aq) + 2NO₃⁻(aq) + PbBr₂(s)

(c) The net ionic equation is written including only the ions which participate in the precipitate formation. In this case, the precipitate is PbBr₂, and it is formed by Pb²⁺ and Br⁻ ions:

Pb²⁺(aq) + 2Br⁻(aq) → PbBr₂(s)

(d) The spectator ions are those which do not participate in the formation of the precipitate. From the total ionic equation, we can see that Li⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions are repeated on both sides of the equation, so they are redundant. Thus, the spectator ions are Li⁺ and NO₃⁻ ions.

(e) To identify the limiting reactant, we first calculate the moles of each compound as the product of the solution concentration and volume:

For LiBr:

C = 1.00 M = 1 mol/L

V = 100.0 mL x 1 L/1000 mL = 0.1 L

moles of LiBr = 0.1 L x 1.00 mol/L = 0.1 mol

The same for Pb(NO₃)₂:

C = 1.00 M = 1 mol/L

V = 100.0 mL x 1 L/1000 mL = 0.1 L

moles of Pb(NO₃)₂  = 0.1 L x 1.00 mol/L = 0.1 mol

From the total ionic equation, we can see that 2 mol of LiBr reacts with 1 mol of Pb(NO₃)₂ to give 1 mol of PbBr₂ (solid product). The stoichiometric molar ratio is 2 mol LiBr/1 mol Pb(NO₃)₂ and we have 0.1 mol of each reactant (0.1 mol LiBr/0.1 mol Pb(NO₃)₂= 1). As 2 mol LiBr/mol Pb(NO₃)₂ > 1 mol LiBr/mol Pb(NO₃)₂, LiBr is the limiting reactant.

(f) From the total ionic equation, we know that 2 moles of LiBr produce 1 mol of PbBr₂. To determine the mass of solid product (PbBr₂) formed, we first multiply the stoichiometric ratio (1 mol PbBr₂/2 mol LiBr) by the actual number of moles of limiting reactant we have (0.1 mol):

moles of PbBr₂ = 0.1 mol LiBr x (1 mol PbBr₂/2 mol LiBr) = 0.05 mol PbBr₂

Finally, we convert the moles of PbBr₂ to gram by using the molar mass of the compound:

Molar mass PbBr₂ = 207.2 g/mol + (2 x 79.9 g/mol) = 367 g/mol

grams of PbBr₂ = 0.05 mol x 367 g/mol = 18.35 g

Chemistry
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P Answered by Master
Answer: 0.0045 mol
Explanation: Convert 30 ml to l: 30 mL = 0.03 L
Molarity = mol/l
mol = molarity * L
mol = 0.15 * 0.03 = 0.0045 mol
Answer: 0.0045 mol
Explanation: Convert 30 ml to l: 30 mL = 0.03 L
Molarity = mol/l
mol = molarit
Chemistry
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P Answered by Specialist
Answer: b. Fiona is correct because the diagram shows two individual simple machines.

Explanation:
A mechanical device using which we can change the direction or magnitude of force applied is known as simple machine.
For example, in the given diagram there are two individual simple machines.
The machine helps in changing the direction or magnitude of force applied by the man. As a result, it becomes easy for him to carry different things easily from one place to another.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement Fiona is correct because the diagram shows two individual simple machines, is correct.
Answer: b. Fiona is correct because the diagram shows two individual simple machines.

Explanation
Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD

glycoproteins

Explanation:

A positive reaction for Molisch's test is given by almost all carbohydrates (exceptions include tetroses & trioses). It can be noted that even some glycoproteins and nucleic acids give positive results for this test (since they tend to undergo hydrolysis when exposed to strong mineral acids and form monosaccharides).

Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD
15 moles.Explanation:Hello,In this case, the undergoing chemical reaction is:Clearly, since carbon and oxygen are in a 1:1 molar ratio, 15 moles of carbon will completely react with 15 moles of oxygen, therefore 15 moles of oxygen remain as leftovers. In such a way, since carbon and carbon dioxide are also in a 1:1 molar ratio, the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide is 15 moles based on the stoichiometry:Best regards.
Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD
Answer: 25 g
Explanation: Given:
Original amount (N₀) = 100 g
Number of half-lives (n) = 11460/5730 = 2
Amount remaining (N) = ?
N = 1/2ⁿ × N₀
N = 1/2^2 × 100
N = 0.25 × 100
N = 25 g
Chemistry
Step-by-step answer
P Answered by PhD
Answer: 7.8125 g
Explanation: Given:
Original amount (N₀) = 500 g
Number of half-lives (n) = 9612/1602 = 6
Amount remaining (N) = ?
N = 1/2ⁿ × N₀
N = 1/2^6 × 500
N = 0.015625 × 500
N = 7.8125 g
Chemistry
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P Answered by PhD
Answer: The product formed is potassium chloride.
Explanation:
Precipitation reaction is defined as the chemical reaction in which an insoluble salt is formed when two solutions are mixed containing soluble substances. The insoluble salt settles down at the bottom of the reaction mixture.

The chemical equation for the reaction of potassium phosphate and magnesium chloride follows (look at the picture)

2 moles of aqueous solution of potassium phosphate reacts with 3 moles of aqueous solution of magnesium chloride to produce 1 mole of solid magnesium phosphate and 6 moles of aqueous solution of potassium chloride.
Answer: The product formed is potassium chloride.
Explanation:
Precipitation reaction is defined a
Chemistry
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P Answered by PhD
Answer: a. basic
b. basic
c. acidic
d. neutral

Explanation: Acids and bases can be classified in terms of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions, or in terms of electron pairs. (look at the picture)
Let us note that from the pH scale, a pH of;
0 - 6.9 is acidic
7 is neutral
8 - 14 is basic

But pH= - log [H^+]
pOH = -log [OH^-]
Then;
pH + pOH = 14
Hence;
pH = 14 - pOH

a. [H+] = 6.0 x 10-10M
pH= 9.22 is basic
b. [OH-] = 30 × 10-2M
pH = 13.5 is basic
C. IH+1 = 20× 10-7M
pH = 0.56 is acidic
d. [OH-] = 1.0 x 10-7M
pH = 7 is neutral
Answer: a. basic
b. basic
c. acidic
d. neutral

Explanation: Acids and bases can be classified

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