Write a biographical essay on one of the physicists listed below. Your biography must include a description of the significant contribution to science made by the physicist you selected. Nikola Tesla (1856-1943),Stephen Hawking (1942 - 2018),Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Minimum Word Count: 1000 words.

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

Galileo Galilei: The Father of Modern Physics

Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, mathematician, and astronomer who is widely regarded as the father of modern physics. He was born on February 15, 1564, in Pisa, Italy. His father, Vincenzo Galilei, was a musician, while his mother, Giulia Ammannati, was from a noble family. Galileo was the first of six children and grew up in a household that valued education and intellectual curiosity.

Galileo received his early education at a Jesuit monastery, where he learned Latin, Greek, and mathematics. He was later sent to the University of Pisa to study medicine, but he soon became interested in mathematics and physics. In 1589, he was appointed as a professor of mathematics at the University of Pisa.

In 1609, Galileo invented the telescope and used it to observe the sky. He discovered that the Moon had craters, that Jupiter had moons orbiting it, and that Venus went through phases like the Moon. These discoveries supported the heliocentric model of the solar system, which had been proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century. Galileo's observations and discoveries challenged the geocentric model of the solar system, which had been the prevailing model since ancient times.

In 1610, Galileo published a book called "Sidereus Nuncius," or "Starry Messenger," which described his observations of the Moon, Jupiter, and the stars. The book made him famous throughout Europe, but it also brought him into conflict with the Catholic Church, which opposed the heliocentric model of the solar system. Galileo was accused of heresy and put on trial in 1633. He was found guilty and spent the rest of his life under house arrest.

Galileo's contributions to science were not limited to astronomy. He also made significant contributions to the field of mechanics. He was the first to demonstrate that objects of different masses fall at the same rate when dropped from the same height. He also developed the law of inertia, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.

Galileo's work in mechanics and astronomy laid the foundation for the modern scientific method. He believed in the importance of observation, experimentation, and mathematical analysis in the pursuit of scientific knowledge. He also believed in the importance of skepticism and critical thinking in the evaluation of scientific theories.

Galileo's legacy can be seen in the work of many of the great scientists who followed him, including Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. His contributions to science continue to be celebrated and honored today, and he remains one of the most influential figures in the history of science.

Galileo's significance to science is not limited to his contributions to astronomy and mechanics. His work also had a profound impact on the relationship between science and religion. Galileo's conflict with the Catholic Church was not just a dispute over the heliocentric model of the solar system. It was a clash between two different ways of looking at the world. The Church believed that the Earth was the center of the universe and that human beings were at the center of God's plan. Galileo's work challenged this view, and in doing so, it challenged the authority of the Church.

Galileo's trial and condemnation by the Church were not just a setback for science. They were also a setback for human freedom and intellectual curiosity. Galileo's story is a reminder that the pursuit of scientific knowledge is not always easy or straightforward, and that it can sometimes come into conflict with powerful institutions and entrenched beliefs. Galileo's courage in standing up for his beliefs, despite the risks, is an inspiration to all those who seek to challenge the status quo and push the boundaries of knowledge.

In conclusion, Galileo Galilei was a true pioneer in the field of physics and astronomy. His observations and discoveries changed the way we understand the universe, and his contributions to the field of mechanics laid the foundation for modern physics. Galileo's legacy continues to be celebrated and honored today, and his story serves as a reminder of the importance of intellectual curiosity, skepticism, and critical thinking in the pursuit of scientific knowledge. Despite the challenges and setbacks he faced, Galileo never lost his passion for science and his belief in the power of human reason. His work will continue to inspire future generations of scientists and thinkers for centuries to come.

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Unfortunately, you did not include the two maps. Without them, we do not know your specific reference.

However, trying to help you and after doing some deep research, we can say the maps portray the Spanish, British, and Dutch trade maritime routes from 1750 to 1850. The other map shows the many trade routes in 2010 that practically crossed all over the world.

That is why we can answer that one significant reason for changes in the patterns of global economic interactions from circa 1750 to circa 2000, as illustrated by the two maps are the technology and modernization of means of transportation that today include land, air, and sea.

Trade has been the activity that has developed most rapidly all over the world in those years. Today, there are international organizations and free trade agreements that connect the world through trade.

More people on the planet started to require more products from all places and developed nations exploited natural resources and raw materials and produced more and better goods in their industrialized cities that were exported.

see explanation and i got an a btw.

Explanation:

b. The development of diseases in the sixteenth century would support the arguments of the “new generation of historians in the second paragraph because the “new generation of historians” would look at this in relation to european imperialism and see the impact of the european diseases like smallpox that would plague places like modern day united states because of the european immunity, but lack of native immunity.  

c. The “biological competition” contributed to the European imperialism in the Americas by creating a survival of the fittest environment where the europeans brought in diseases like smallpox that had plagued europe generations ago, but infected the native populations and weaken them in both their numbers and their strength, which enabled the Europeans to take control of the new world and develop a dominance while the natives were fighting a disease. This was “biological competition” because the Europeans' immunity was assisting them in fighting the natives' lack thereof.  

A) Ethnic divisions hindered the development of land-based empires in the period 1450-1750. For example, the Manchu people in the Qing Dynasty in China sought to preserve their ethnic values while ruling China, which proved to be an obstacle for them to rule the vast majority of Han Chinese.

B) Ethnic divisions also hindered the development of maritime empires in the period 1450-1750. For example, the ethnic division between the French colonists and the Haitian people led to multiple Haitian rebellions and ultimately the Haitian Revolution against France.

C) Many land-based empires and maritime empires institutionalized hierarchical distinctions amongst different ethnic groups, often with the use of slavery. The European colonists, for instance, made African Americans the lowest class in American society by enslaving them. Similarly, Christians under Ottoman rule are recruited as janissaries. In both examples, the ruling class adopted policies that limit the social mobility of the ethnic groups that are alien to themselves.

In general, because of his numerous achievements, Akbar was awarded the epithet "the Great." The majority of Akbar's achievements military-related.         

Explanation:

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By reading the above text, we can have a lot of information about the city of Quanzhou and Chinese trade. Based on this, we can answer the questions as follows:

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