S7: A set of passwords of 8 to 12 characters with a size of 2.9714*10^23.)

Q1. Consider a hashing function H2. It’s domain is S7, and it’s range is N(6) (six digit numbers). What is the cardinality of the range of H2?

(Below is the answer from Studen expert)
Answer:
Cardinality of the range is 10^6.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cardinality of a set is a measure of a set's size, meaning the number of elements in the set.
As the range is a 6 digit number. Each digit can be 0,1,2,...9 (total 10 choices).
Possible numbers in range are 10^6
Therefore the cardinality of the range is 10^6.

This will guide in the question below.
Q.2 Consider the following statement

“If a function’s range is smaller than its domain, then that function cannot be injective”

Prove or refute this statement.
Based on your proof, what is the implication for H2?
Could there be a function D1 that is the inverse of H2?
What is the implication for using H2 to hide passwords? What might happen if hashed passwords leaked?

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

The cardinality of a set is a measure of a set's size, meaning the number of elements in the set.

As the range is a 6 digit number. Each digit can be 0,1,2,...9 (total 10 choices).

Possible numbers in range are 10^6

Therefore the cardinality of the range is 10^6.

Answer:

Effective food supply was most likely an effect on society that resulted from improvements in blood handling during World War I and World War II.

A spring is a natural discharge point of subterranean water at the surface of the ground or directly into the bed of a stream, lake, or sea. Water that emerges at the surface without a perceptible current is called a seep. Wells are holes excavated to bring water and other underground fluids to the surface.

The image shows a cross-section of land scape.

The maltose molecule can be broken down into two individual glucose molecules with the help of an enzyme produced within a cell.

D).increasing the pH with in the cell.

Explaination:

B)Phosphorus has a larger atomic mass.

As we move right in the periodic table, both atomic number and atomic mass increases. Magnesium comes under S-block elements (Group 2) and Phosphorus comes under P-block elements (Group-15).

A scientist look for in a plant that would identify it as a club moss rather than a liverwort.

Fungi are a food source for animals and humans. Fungi produce oxygen to breathe. Fungi destroy rocks and minerals. Fungi are natural recyclers.

D. The population density of beetles will decrease.

Answer with explaination:

 An attempt to document and identify all biological species living in some defined area, usually a park, reserve, or research area. The numbers of species on earth is rapidly diminishing, knowing what species are around will give us an idea of what we're losing, how our actions are affecting the environment.

99% percentage of errors does our body's "auto-correct",system detect.

Errors associated with protein mismatch and translation is automatically detected by the body system. Once, mismatch occurs, synthesis stops, hence, this error is almost always detected at all times. Therefore, the percentage of errors automatically detected is about 99%.

Explaination: