b. The development of diseases in the sixteenth century would support the arguments of the “new generation of historians in the second paragraph because the “new generation of historians” would look at this in relation to european imperialism and see the impact of the european diseases like smallpox that would plague places like modern day united states because of the european immunity, but lack of native immunity.
c. The “biological competition” contributed to the European imperialism in the Americas by creating a survival of the fittest environment where the europeans brought in diseases like smallpox that had plagued europe generations ago, but infected the native populations and weaken them in both their numbers and their strength, which enabled the Europeans to take control of the new world and develop a dominance while the natives were fighting a disease. This was “biological competition” because the Europeans' immunity was assisting them in fighting the natives' lack thereof.
In 1574, Akbar the emperor of the Subcontinent ordered his wazir to make a Katab-khana in the palace. This was to discover and reintroduce old texts. Books like Rajatarangini, Ramayana and Mahabharata were translated into different languages. One of these languages was Persian. After this many different old books both religious and non-religious were translated for the general public to read.
This was done to make different sects and religions stay united. His actions to a certain extent did eliminate disagreements between the people from different religions.
2.
Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak was not the person behind Akbar's policies. It was actually his favorite wife named Mariam-uz-Zamani. She was a Hindu by birth. She was born at the house of Raja Bharmal of Amber. Later, when she grew up she was married to Akber. This marriage had political benefits. Jahangir was her son. She, however, did not play any political role in the Mughal court.
She became more eminent after her son succeeded the throne. She was one of the most famous female traders of that time. Akbar after his marriage started his own religion called Din-e-ilahi.
3.
Many cultural and intellectual changes took place because of this interaction. Collection of manuscripts from around the world and their critical study was introduced. Changes in the economic system i.e trade also took place.
Several changes in slavery were also seen.
During this period, the trade of slaves became very eminent and a major source of income for many
.Arabic art and literature started spreading in different South Asian regions.
While people from those regions introduced new ways of living and rituals etc to Muslims.
A) Ethnic divisions hindered the development of land-based empires in the period 1450-1750. For example, the Manchu people in the Qing Dynasty in China sought to preserve their ethnic values while ruling China, which proved to be an obstacle for them to rule the vast majority of Han Chinese.
B) Ethnic divisions also hindered the development of maritime empires in the period 1450-1750. For example, the ethnic division between the French colonists and the Haitian people led to multiple Haitian rebellions and ultimately the Haitian Revolution against France.
C) Many land-based empires and maritime empires institutionalized hierarchical distinctions amongst different ethnic groups, often with the use of slavery. The European colonists, for instance, made African Americans the lowest class in American society by enslaving them. Similarly, Christians under Ottoman rule are recruited as janissaries. In both examples, the ruling class adopted policies that limit the social mobility of the ethnic groups that are alien to themselves.
In general, because of his numerous achievements, Akbar was awarded the epithet "the Great." The majority of Akbar's achievements military-related.
Explanation:
One aspect in which Akbar's efforts in financing the translations stated in the text are comparable to rulers of other empires throughout the era 1450-1750 is that they both intended to improve their people's well-being by creating educational opportunities and religious books translations. During this time, Akbar and other monarchs aspired to translate sacred books in order to spread education, religion, and history. As well as to bring together Jewish, Hindu, and Muslim faiths in order to avoid future confrontations.
By reading the above text, we can have a lot of information about the city of Quanzhou and Chinese trade. Based on this, we can answer the questions as follows:
1. One historical process that explains the religion of Srivijaya merchants in Quanzhou is the growth of maritime trade in that region. This trade promoted the passage of many different people, with different religions that influenced the local population. Among these religions, Mahayana Buddhism was one of the greatest influences.2. One aspect of China's economic development during the Song Dynasty was the establishment of international trade relations. During the Song Dynasty, China became involved in the global market and became a strong influence on international trade which attracted many buyers to its products and strengthened the economy.3. The purpose of the author of the text was to draw the attention of foreigners to show that Quanzhou had great commercial power and that commercial relations with that city were promising. For this reason, he shows plenty of praise for the city, as well as displaying its economic advantages.
It was an average day here in Massachusetts, warm and crisp, but something was wrong. There had been tell of witches roaming our country, and any suspicious actions were supposed to be reported immediately. Suddenly, a mounty came riding into town with two screaming girls. He was taking them to the town council, so I decided to follow him. As I peeked into the window of the town hall, I heard the mounty speak about witchcraft and how he had found the young girls prancing about the wood chanting eerie songs. As I looked closer, I realized that one of the girls was my friend Mary. She would never do witchery, not ever! I heard the councilmen talk of a stake and fire. The next day, Mary was a pile of ashes on the ground.
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