The statement that provides the best evidence that loss of wetlands has resulted in the loss of ecosystem services is:
"Loss of wetlands has reduced the storm water retention capacity of the land and caused the flooding of upland plants."
Justification:
1. Wetlands have a crucial role in storm water retention: Wetlands act as natural sponges, absorbing excess water during periods of heavy rainfall or storms. They store this water, slowly releasing it over time, which helps maintain the balance of water levels in surrounding areas and prevents flooding.
2. Loss of wetlands leads to reduced storm water retention: When wetlands are lost, the ability of the land to retain and store excess water decreases. This means that during heavy rainfall or storms, there is less capacity to absorb and store water. As a result, the excess water cannot be effectively absorbed, leading to flooding in surrounding areas.
3. Flooding of upland plants is a consequence of reduced storm water retention: When wetlands can no longer retain as much water, the excess water flows into nearby upland areas. Without the buffer provided by wetlands, upland plants are subjected to flooding. Excessive water exposure can damage or drown these plants, leading to their loss or reduced growth.
Therefore, the statement highlighting the reduction in storm water retention capacity and the consequent flooding of upland plants provides the best evidence for the loss of ecosystem services due to the decrease in wetland size.
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