You need to focus a 10 mW, 632.8 nm Gaussian laser beam that is 5.0 mm in diameter into a sample. You have access to a lens with a focal length of 6.0 cm and focal length of 12.0 cm. For both lenses, the light fills the size of the lens. Using the Gaussian beam equations, what is the smallest diameter of the beam (known as the beam waist) for each lens

ee that the lens with the shortest focal length has a smaller object

Explanation:

For this exercise we use the constructor equation or Gaussian equation

where f is the focal length, p and q are the distance to the object and the image respectively.

Magnification a lens system is

          m = = -

             h ’= -\frac{h q}{p}

In the exercise give the value of the height of the object h = 0.50cm and the position of the object p =∞

Let's calculate the distance to the image for each lens

f = 6.0 cm

as they indicate that the light fills the entire lens, this indicates that the object is at infinity, remember that the light of the laser rays is almost parallel, therefore p = inf

          q = f = 6.0 cm

for the lens of f = 12.0 cm q = 12.0 cn

to find the size of the image we use

           h ’= h q / p

where p has a high value and is the same for all systems

           h ’= h / p q

Thus

f = 6 cm h ’= fo 6 cm

f = 12 cm h ’= fo 12  cm

therefore we see that the lens with the shortest focal length has a smaller object

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

To solve this problem, we can use the conservation of energy and conservation of momentum principles.

Conservation of energy:

The total initial energy is the rest energy of the proton and neutron, which is given by:

Ei = (mp + mn)c^2

where mp and mn are the masses of the proton and neutron, respectively, and c is the speed of light.

The total final energy is the rest energy of the deuteron plus the energy of the gamma ray, which is given by:

Ef = (md)c^2 + Eg

where md is the mass of the deuteron and Eg is the energy of the gamma ray.

According to the conservation of energy principle, the initial energy and final energy must be equal, so we have:

Ei = Ef

(mp + mn)c^2 = (md)c^2 + Eg

Conservation of momentum:

The total initial momentum is zero because the proton and neutron are at rest. The total final momentum is the momentum of the deuteron and the momentum of the gamma ray. Since the gamma ray is massless, its momentum is given by:

pg = Eg/c

where pg is the momentum of the gamma ray.

According to the conservation of momentum principle, the total final momentum must be equal to zero, so we have:

0 = pd + pg

where pd is the momentum of the deuteron.

Solving for md and pd:

From the conservation of energy equation, we can solve for md:

md = (mp + mn - Eg/c^2)/c^2

Substituting this expression into the conservation of momentum equation, we get:

pd = -pg = -Eg/c

Substituting the given values, we have:

mp = 1.6726 × 10^-27 kg mn = 1.6749 × 10^-27 kg Eg = 2.2 × 10^6 eV = 3.52 × 10^-13 J

Using c = 2.998 × 10^8 m/s, we get:

md = (1.6726 × 10^-27 kg + 1.6749 × 10^-27 kg - 3.52 × 10^-13 J/(2.998 × 10^8 m/s)^2)/(2.998 × 10^8 m/s)^2 = 3.3435 × 10^-27 kg

pd = -Eg/c = -(3.52 × 10^-13 J)/(2.998 × 10^8 m/s) = -1.1723 × 10^-21 kg·m/s

Therefore, the mass of the deuteron is 3.3435 × 10^-27 kg, and its momentum is -1.1723 × 10^-21 kg·m/s.

The question specifies the diameter of the screw, therefore the IMA of this screw is 0.812? / 0.318 = 8.02