Answer:
Answer given below.
Step-by-step explanation
1.
The statement that reflects an accurate understanding of the chün-tzu is: "The chün-tzu tries to establish the character of others and help to elevate the lives of others." This statement reflects the Confucian concept of the chün-tzu, which is often translated as "gentleman" or "superior person."
According to Confucian philosophy, the chün-tzu is a person of exemplary character who seeks to cultivate virtue in themselves and in others. They are committed to the well-being of society and strive to make a positive impact on the world around them. They lead by example, and their actions inspire others to follow in their footsteps.
The chün-tzu is not concerned with personal gain or ambition, but rather with the greater good. They are guided by a sense of duty and responsibility, and they work tirelessly to improve themselves and their communities. In this way, the chün-tzu embodies the ideals of Confucianism and serves as a model for others to emulate
2.
The statement "Ruling a big country is like cooking a small fish" suggests that the Daoists believed that government should practice non-interference in the private lives of people.
This quote reflects the Daoist philosophy of wu wei, which emphasizes the idea of "non-action" or "non-interference." According to this philosophy, the best way to govern is to avoid interfering with the natural order of things as much as possible. In the context of ruling a big country, this means that the government should not try to micromanage every aspect of people's lives, but rather should allow individuals and communities to self-organize and find their own solutions to problems.
The analogy of cooking a small fish suggests that ruling a big country requires a light touch and a delicate balance, much like cooking a small fish requires finesse and attention to detail. The Daoists believed that the more the government tries to control and regulate, the more likely it is to create problems and disrupt the natural order. Therefore, they advocated for a hands-off approach to governance, allowing people to live their lives as they see fit, so long as they do not harm others or disrupt the social order.
3.
The correct statement is option 2: "A person should hold on to the Dao in order to master the things of the present."
In this verse, Lao Tzu emphasizes the importance of staying connected to the Dao in order to achieve mastery of the present moment. The bond of Dao is the connection between the individual and the natural order of the universe, and it is through this connection that a person can achieve balance, harmony, and enlightenment. By holding onto the Dao, a person can learn to navigate the complexities of life with ease and grace, and can become a master of their own destiny.
Overall, this verse underscores the importance of staying connected to the Dao, both in times of ease and in times of difficulty. It is through this connection that a person can achieve true wisdom and mastery, and can live a life of purpose and fulfillment.